Evaluation Background: Intermittent Pneumatic Compression Devices for DVT Prevention
August 2, 2017 | Evaluations & Guidance
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Here's background for our Evaluations of intermittent pneumatic compression (IPC) devices for deep vein thrombosis (DVT) prevention, outlining the key considerations for making wise purchasing decisions. Learn how the technology is used, which specs are important, and what factors we test for. Also review our latest product ratings and ECRI Institute's data describing hospitals' interest in each vendor.
The primary purpose of IPC devices is to apply and release pressure on patient extremities (arms, legs, and feet). This compression is a noninvasive method to mimic muscular activity and promote circulation. Devices intended for DVT prevention can help minimize venous stasis in patients after surgery or during other periods of immobility.
IPC devices for DVT prophylaxis consist of two primary components: patient garments incorporating air bladders, and a pump to inflate them. These devices are a relatively mature technology, with most device changes aimed at improving device safety and patient compliance. In addition, capabilities are being added and improved that include alarms, pump program options, tracking/detection, and mobile options with battery power.
While it is difficult to discern to what extent compression therapy is effective at reducing the risk of DVT, it is generally thought that the longer the period of therapy, the better the patient outcome. Patient compliance is a considerable issue, as patients may choose not to use these devices or use them for only a short time. Factors affecting patient compliance include the comfort of the garment, ease of application (if in a home care setting), the availability of lower-pressure options, and system noise levels.
Major components of a typical IPC device for DVT prophylaxis include:
Garment—IPC devices include at least one garment that wraps around the patient for treatment. Garments vary by intended location (typically foot, calf, or full leg), size, and number of air bladders that inflate/deflate to promote blood flow. Devices typically have different garment options based on patient needs. These are typically for single-patient use.
Pump—A pump supplies the air for inflating the bladder(s) within the garments. Depending on the system, the pump can also control different aspects...